When studying the bible some have been confused by Jesus' role as high priest and his role as mediator. Jesus fulfilled both roles but they are totally different just as Moses and Aaron were different. Many people do not see how Jesus can be the mediator for the 144,000 spirit anointed Christians only. They feel left out or that they get less from him. Some even claim that without Jesus as our mediator how do we pray? These charts will show a comparison between the law and the Christian system and between Jesus as Mediaor and Jesus as priest.
Since the offering of incense before Jehovah signified prayers (Rev 8:3-5). Prayers are offered through the high priest Jesus, not through the mediator. Thus we do not need to have Jesus as our mediator to have him offer prayers in our behalf to Jehovah God.
COMPARISON OF THE ATONEMENTS
| Israel Temple | Role | Christian Temple |
| Jehovah God | GOD | Jehovah God |
| Aaronic line of high priests Lev 16:6 | HIGH PRIEST | Jesus Christ Heb 9:11,24 |
| Levites, Aaron's household, the underpriests | Underpriests | 144,000 spirit begotten Christians |
| Sons of Israel - 12 non-Levitical tribes cleansed by goat for azazel | NATION OF CLEANSED PEOPLE | Great crowd and ones who live on earth |
COMPARISON OF THE COVENANTS
| Israel Law Covenant | Roles | New Covenant |
| Jehovah God | GOD - 1st Party | Jehovah God |
| Moses | Mediator | Jesus Christ |
| Fleshly Israel | ISRAEL - 2ND PARTY | Spiritual Israel |
| Non-Israelites who could benefit from the covenant (Uriah, Gibbeonites) | OTHERS WHO BENEFIT | Great crowd and others who benefit by Jesus' sacrifice |
Israelites born after 1513 B.C.E. came into the Law covenant at birth. Those whom Jehovah takes into the new covenant also experience a birth—in their case, a spiritual birth. Jesus mentioned this to the Pharisee Nicodemus when he said: "Most truly I say to you, Unless anyone is born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God." (John 3:3) The 120 disciples at Pentecost 33 C.E. were the first imperfect humans to experience this new birth. Declared righteous under the new covenant, they received holy spirit as "a token in advance" of their royal inheritance. (Ephesians 1:14) They were "born from the spirit" to become adopted sons of God, which made them Jesus’ brothers and thus "joint heirs with Christ." (John 3:6; Romans 8:16, 17) Their being "born again" opened the way for wonderful prospects. The entry into the old covenant was through birth. The entry into the new covenant was also through birth, a spiritual birth by being born of the spirit. Thus when Jesus told Nicodemus that he must be "born again", the reference is to both covenants. The Israelites at that time were born into a covenant with Jehovah God. But that is not going to be good enough, Jesus told him that he must be born into another covenant, the new covenant by means of water and spirit. The second entry into a covenant was a second birth or born again. Thus the phrase "born again" only applies to those whose covenants overlap. Anyone who was born after Jesus died could not be in the old covenant. So anyone born after 33 CE could not be "born again" since there was no old covenant for them to be in since being "born again" required being “born” into a covenant once and then being "born" into another covenant.